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Diseases in which abnormal cells divide and grow unchecked. Cancer can spread from its original site to other parts of the body and can be fatal.
See also: hereditary cancer, sporadic cancer.
Industry:Biology
Something which causes cancer to occur by causing changes in a cell's DNA.
See also: mutagene.
Industry:Biology
The basic unit of any living organism that carries on the biochemical processes of life.
See also: genome, nucleus.
Industry:Biology
The self-replicating genetic structure of cells containing the cellular DNA that bears in its nucleotide sequence the linear array of genes. In prokaryotes, chromosomal DNA is circular, and the entire genome is carried on one chromosome. Eukaryotic genomes consist of a number of chromosomes whose DNA is associated with different kinds of proteins..
Industry:Biology
An exact copy made of biological material such as a DNA segment (e.g., a gene or other region), a whole cell, or a complete organism..
Industry:Biology
Any trait present at birth, whether the result of a genetic or nongenetic factor.
See also: birth defect.
Industry:Biology
Undifferentiated, primitive cells in the bone marrow that have the ability both to multiply and to differentiate into specific blood cells..
Industry:Biology
The group or recognizable pattern of symptoms or abnormalities that indicate a particular trait or disease..
Industry:Biology
Using specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study. This process, used by researchers in the Human Genome Project, is referred to as cloning DNA. The resulting cloned (copied) collections of DNA molecules are called clone libraries. A second type of cloning exploits the natural process of cell division to make many copies of an entire cell. The genetic makeup of these cloned cells, called a cell line, is identical to the original cell. A third type of cloning produces complete, genetically identical animals such as the famous Scottish sheep, Dolly.
See also: cloning vector.
Industry:Biology
Twins produced by the division of a single zygote; both have identical genotypes.
See also: fraternal twin.
Industry:Biology
