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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
The Scripps library contains a Cumulative Biography on the History of Oceanography, a Bibliography of Ocean Scientists, and a Handlist of Source Books on the History of Oceanography. All are available at the given URL.
Industry:Earth science
The seasonal reversal of the wind direction along the shores of the Indian Ocean, especially in the Arabian Sea. The winds blow from the southwest during half of the year and from the northeast during the other half. The reversal of direction (from that due to the normal zonal circulation pattern) is due to the effects of differential heating as the Himalayan plateau heats up during the summer, causing the air to rise and be replaced by the warm, moist air from over the Indian Ocean.
Industry:Earth science
The second (from the surface) of seven zones into which the benthos has been divided. In this zone organisms are more or less regularly emerged and submerged, usually by the action of the tides. Species are here adapted to resist prolonged emersion and are generally incapable of living if continually emerged.
Industry:Earth science
The simplest ocean model used in coupled model simulations. SSTs are computed but from surface energy balance (local effects) only, i.e. there is no accounting for heat storage (temporal) or ocean current (nonlocal) effects. Only mean annual forcing can be applied when a swamp ocean is used since the lack of the capability to store heat in the oceans would allow sea ice to freeze into the mid-latitudes in the winter hemisphere. On the plus side, the dominant equilibration time is that of the atmosphere since the ocean surface response time is almost instantaneous.
Industry:Earth science
The sloping portion of a beach profile that lies between a berm crest (or, in its absence, the upper limit of wave swash at high tide) and the low water mark of the backrush of the wave swash at low tide. This term has been used synonymously with beach face, although the foreshore can also contain some of the flat portion of the profile below the beach face.
Industry:Earth science
The southern part of the Australian coastline stretching from the Recherche Archipelago at 124°E to the South Australian gulfs at 136°E. The continental shelf is wide throughout the Bight, reaching over 200 km width at around 131°E.
Industry:Earth science
The spatial spectrum of the atmosphere or ocean shows variance at all scales, with generally less variance at smaller scales. The observation network, however, has a finite spacing between observation stations. If a network has an average spacing of, say, L between stations, then samples with scales much greater or smaller will be sample, respectively, very well or very poorly by the network. For instance, a network with 1000 km spacing will not see a tornado or thunderstorm with a 10 km characteristic length scale if it is between stations, but will see it if it overlies a station and, in addition, will misrepresent it as a larger scale motion. This is occasionally known as aliasing.
Industry:Earth science
The study of algae, especially seaweeds. This is also called algology. Professional organizations for phycologists are the Phycological Society of America and the British Phycological Society.
Industry:Earth science
The study of the elevation and depth distribution on the continents and oceans.
Industry:Earth science
