- المجال: Education
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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
The re-emission of light energy at a lower frequency by an absorber illuminated with optical energy. The response is usually immediate and on order 1 to 3% of the incident intensity.
Industry:Earth science
The region between 40 and 50° S latitude where the prevailing westerly winds blow largely unobstructed by land over the open oceans, and also the winds themselves. They are constant and of great velocity, whence comes the term ”roaring”. The weather is stormy, rainy, and comparatively mild in the wake of constantly appearing depressions. The land areas that do obstruct them, the western mountainous coasts of southern Chile, Tasmania and New Zealand, experience tremendous rainfall through the year on the western sides (up to 100 in.) and much less on the eastern sides (around 20 in.). These are also known as brave west winds.
Industry:Earth science
The regional sea in the North Atlantic Ocean which comprises the waters in the Greenland Basin. The average depth is about 2866 m. In the summer, the volume of the Greenland Sea consists of about 85% of the deep and bottom water masses (i.e. Greenland Sea Deep Water (GSDW) and Norwegian Sea Deep Water (NSDW)), 9% Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW), and 9% surface water masses, mostly Atlantic Water (AW).
Industry:Earth science
The relationships between the velocity components and pressure for a progressive wave. They are found by substituting the assumed wave form into the relevant equations.
Industry:Earth science
The relatively steep slope usually found between the continental shelf and the abyssal plain. Continental slopes range from 3 to 6° in slope (with 4° being about average), range in depth from 100-300 m to 1400-3200 m, range in width from 20-100 km, and occupy about 8.5% of the ocean floor if the 2000 m contour is taken as the deeper border. The continental shelf and slope are said to comprise the continental margin.
Industry:Earth science
The repeatability of an instrument, measured by the mean deviation of a set of measurements from the average value. Contrast this to accuracy. As an example of the difference, an instrument can measure a quantity a hundred times and if all the measurements are within a percent of each other it is a precise instrument, but if it has measured the correct value as, say, twice the correct value every time then it is not an accurate instrument or, alternatively, it is precisely wrong.
Industry:Earth science
The replacement of the z coordinate in an x-y-z coordinate system with the pressure. This can be done when horizontal scales are large compared to vertical scales, i.e. when the hydrostatic approximation can be made. This set of coordinates is widely used in meteorology.
Industry:Earth science
The result of geostrophy in the atmosphere. Analogous to the geostrophic current in oceanography.
Industry:Earth science
The rising and falling of the water level in the surf zone at intervals in the vicinity of 2 to 5 minutes, especially noticeable on a flat beach. This is caused by the pattern of incoming waves being such that groups of high waves and low waves follow each other at the same intervals. This is in turn due to the interaction of wave groups with slightly different frequencies, a process that leads to a much longer envelope or beat frequency modulated the short wavelength waves.
Industry:Earth science
The science dealing with the fields of evolution, ecology and the subsequent taphonomy of extinct animals and plants.
Industry:Earth science
