- المجال: Education
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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
The rate of decrease of temperature with height. This can be either an environmental or a process lapse rate. An environmental lapse rate is a static measure of the state of the environment, e.g. finding the rate of temperature decrease by measuring the vertical temperature profile in some way. A process lapse rate, on the other hand, gives the temperature associated with some action or process, e.g. a rising or sinking air parcel.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of backward scattering intensity to density of irradiation flux.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of new production (i.e. resulting from new nutrients coming into the system) to total production (i.e. new plus regenerated, i.e. production from nitrogen recycled within the euphotic zone). In oligotrophic waters, this is around 0.1, while in eutrophic waters is is around 0.8.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16, used as an indicator of paleotemperatures since it is related to ocean temperature.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of the acoustic power scattered at an angle of 180° from the incident acoustic wave to the acoustic intensity incident on a unit volume or area. This measure, typically referenced to a unit distance, e.g. 1 m, is the ratio of the reflected acoustic power to incident acoustic power per unit area. The units of this ratio are area, e.g. m2.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of the effect of a temperature change on density divided by the effect of a salinity change. This was found in the Spice Experiment to be roughly equal to one for horizontal scales ranging from 10 m to 1000 km.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of the emittance from a body to that of a black body emitter at the same temperature, i.e. the degree to which a real body approaches a black body radiator.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of the mass of water vapor in a sample of moist air to the mass of dry air with which it is associated.
Industry:Earth science
The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air in a specified volume as expressed in grams per kilogram.
Industry:Earth science
