- المجال: Education
- Number of terms: 34386
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
An instrument designed to collect acoustic data and net samples simultaneously from the same portion of the water column.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument developed at the APL. These use electric field measurements to estimate horizontal velocity relative to an unknown offset. They typically cost 40 times more than an XBT.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument for measuring optical and physical parameters in the water column.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument for the measurement of the transmission of light of a given wavelength over a known distance in a seawater sample. The wavelengths are usually chosen based on the particles being studied, with about 660 nanometers the wavelength most often used. The changes in transmission are primarily related to changes in the abundance and type of particles present, with most variations resulting from particles less than 20 microns in diameter.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument on the TOPEX/POSEIDON mission. The TMR measures sea surface microwave emissivity at three frequencies (18, 21, and 37 GHz) to estimate to total water vapor content in the atmosphere. This estimate is used to correct to the water vapor–induced errors in the altimeter measurement. The 21 GHz channel is the primary channel for water vapor measurement, with the 18 GHz and 37 GHz channels used to remove the effects of wind speed and cloud cover, respectively.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument that has been on board both SEASAT and NIMBUS-7. It produced earth location and time-tagged SSTs, surface wind stress, atmospheric water vapor, liquid water content, and precipitation rate information.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument that uses radar to determine a vehicle’s (e.g. a satellite) height above the surface and for measuring the height of small objects (e.g. waves, hills) on a planetary surface. In 352 oceanography, the former capability is used to obtain the absolute sea surface height in relation to the geoid, and the latter to gather information about oceanic wave fields. An altimeter works by transmitting an electronic pulse in the microwave frequency to the Earth’s surface. The pulse reflects off the surface and returns to the sensor, with altitude determined from the pulse travel time and from the waveform of the returned pulse.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument that will measure wind speeds and directions over at least 90% of the ice-free global oceans every 2 days under all weather and cloud conditions. It is based on the Seasat scatterometer and uses an array of six stick-like antennas that radiate microwave pulses across the Earth’s surface. It will orbit the Earth at an altitude of 800 km in a near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit. NSCAT will fly on the ADEOS mission.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument used in the mid-20th century to record rapid temperature changes in the ocean. It consisted of a constantin wire soldered to copper wires in two places. One junction was exposed to the sea water, and the other embedded in compact insulation material. The thermoelectric current induced depended on the temperature difference between the two junctions, and was indicated by means of a remote galvanometer. This instrument therefore measured the temperature difference between the sea water and the insulated junction rather than the temperature itself.
Industry:Earth science
An instrument which allows in–situ measurements of the rate at which gases pass through the ocean surface to be made. This was developed at the IOS.
Industry:Earth science
