- المجال: Agriculture
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Established in October 1945 with the objective of eliminating hunger and improving nutrition and standards of living by increasing agricultural productivity, FAO coordinates the efforts of governments and technical agencies in programs for developing agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and land and ...
A maternally inherited cellular condition in <i>Drosophila</i> that regulates the activity of transposable P elements.
Industry:Biotechnology
A mathematical expression relating observed recombination fraction (q.v.) to map distance expressed in centiMorgans. Two common mapping functions are those developed by Haldane and Kosambi. In both functions, the relationship between recombination fraction and map distance is approximately linear for recombination fractions less than 10%; as recombination fraction increases above 10% (up to its maximum of 50%), map distance is increasingly greater than recombination fraction.
Industry:Biotechnology
A mating scheme in which each male parent is mated with each female parent. Made possible in animals by means of <i>in vitro</i> embryo production (q.v.). Such a mating scheme substantially reduces the rate of inbreeding in a selection programme.
Industry:Biotechnology
A mating system characterized by the breeding of genetically unrelated or dissimilar individuals. Since genetic diversity (q.v.) tends to be enhanced and since vigour or fitness of individuals can be increased by this process, it is often used to counter the detrimental effects of continuous inbreeding.
Industry:Biotechnology
A mature reproductive cell which is capable of fusing with a cell of similar origin but of opposite sex to form a zygote from which a new organism can develop. Gametes have a haploid chromosome content. In animals, a gamete is a sperm or egg; in plants, it is pollen, spermatic nucleous, or ovum.
Industry:Biotechnology
A measurable trait that shows continuous variation; a trait that can not be classified into a few discrete classes.
Industry:Biotechnology
A measure of acidity and alkalinity. Equal to the log of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, expressed in grams per litre. A reading of 7 is neutral (e.g., pure water), whereas below 7 is acid and above 7 is alkaline.
Industry:Biotechnology
A measure of distance between two loci on genetic maps that is based on the average number of crossing-over events that take place in the interval between those two loci during meiosis. A map interval that is one crossing-over unit in length (a centiMorgan) describes an interval between two loci such that one in every hundred gametes recovered from meiosis is recombinant in that interval, i.e., the allele at the first locus is maternal in origin, while the allele at the other locus in that same gamete is paternal in origin.
Industry:Biotechnology
A measure of the statistical association between variables; the extent to which two variables vary together.
Industry:Biotechnology
