- المجال: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
In radar, the capacity of a distributed target to occupy all the space of the pulse volume.
Industry:Weather
In radar meteorology, scattering from atmospheric refractive index fluctuations, components of which are resonant with the radar wavelength. For backscattering, these components have a scale size of one-half the radar wavelength. See clear-air echo.
Industry:Weather
In oceanography, the turning of the current vector that arises from stratified geostrophic flow when density is conserved following a parcel (as is approximately the case in the oceanic thermocline). If θ is the angle of the current, U is its magnitude, f is the Coriolis parameter, g is the gravitational acceleration, and w is the vertical velocity, then ∂θ/∂z = −(gw/fU2)(∂/∂z), so that moving upward in the water column, currents will spiral clockwise in upwelling zones, and counterclockwise in downwelling zones.
Industry:Weather
In polar terminology, an early term for ice shelf; first used by Sir James Clark Ross for the face of the Antarctic ice shelf later named for him, Ross Barrier.
Industry:Weather
In objective analysis and data assimilation, an a priori estimate of the atmospheric state. In most data assimilation systems, the background field is a forecast from the previous analysis time. Note that the term “first-guess field” has been used for the background field, but “background field” is currently the preferred usage.
Industry:Weather
In Indonesia, a strong squally northwest or west wind on the north coast of Sulawesi near Menado; it occurs from December to February.
Industry:Weather
In northern Sumatra, a warm, dry local wind blowing on the plains of Deli, Langkat, and Lerdang. It is caused by the east monsoon blowing across the Barisan Mountains and descending on the leeward side as a foehn. The bohorok occurs in May and is prevalent through September; it is feared because of its effect on the tobacco plantations on the plains of Deli. On the windward side of the mountains, “bohorok days” have more rain than usual.
Industry:Weather
In France, a west wind (i.e., blowing from Bordeaux) in Quercy (southwest France). It occurs in all seasons, is mild and generally rainy, but often brings violent thunderstorms in summer.
Industry:Weather
In France, a violent north wind in the Ariège valley south of Toulouse, especially in December and January. It is strong enough to uproot chestnut trees; it is cold and dry, but may pick up snow from the ground and form drifts. Compare blizzard.
Industry:Weather
In glaciology, the one-year period beginning with the start of the accumulation season at the firn line of a glacier or ice cap and extending through the following summer's ablation season.
Industry:Weather
