- المجال: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The ratio of the eddy flux of some quantity to the molecular flux of that quantity.
Industry:Weather
The ratio of sensible to latent heat fluxes from the earth's surface up into the air. This is equal to the psychrometric constant times the ratio of kinematic temperature flux to kinematic moisture flux. It can be estimated as the psychrometric constant times the ratio of potential temperature difference to mixing ratio difference, where the differences are measured between the same two heights in the atmospheric surface layer. Typical values are 5 over semiarid regions, 0. 5 over grasslands and forests, 0. 2 over irrigated orchards or grass, 0. 1 over the sea, and negative in some advective situations such as over oases where sensible heat flux can be downward while latent heat flux is upward.
Industry:Weather
The process by which electrically stressed air is transformed from an insulator to a conductor. Breakdown involves the acceleration of electrons to ionization potential in the electric field imposed by the thundercloud, and the subsequent creation of new electrons that avalanche and expand the scale or enlarge the volume of enhanced conductivity. Breakdown precedes the development of lightning.
Industry:Weather
The process in rule-based systems that constructs a hypothesis, then tests it by working backward through the rules to see if the hypothesis is supported. An example in weather forecasting is to assume there will be afternoon thunderstorm activity, then determine whether the data support this assumption.
Industry:Weather
The pressure unit of the centimeter-gram-second system of physical units; equal to one dyne per cm2 (0. 001 millibar).
Industry:Weather
The play or loose motion in an instrument due to the clearance existing between mechanically contacting parts.
Industry:Weather
The period between minima in net balance on a glacier. It corresponds roughly to the year between the end of one summer and the end of the following summer. Because the dates defining the balance year are meteorologically dependent, in practice glaciologists usually adhere to a “measurement year” defined by specific calendar dates.
Industry:Weather
The number of bits of data sent per second. This is frequently confused with baud in the literature. For bit rates above 600 bits per second, the bit rate exceeds the baud (or baud rate).
Industry:Weather
